14. Mood.

[grammarshit2]

The category of MOOD is the most controversial category of the verb.
The category of MOOD expresses the character of connection between the process denoted by the verb and the actual reality, either presenting the process as a fact that really happened, happens or will happen, or treating it as an imaginary phenomenon, i.e. the subject of a hypothesis (предположение), speculation (размышление), desire.
Mood is the form of the verb that shows the mode or manner in which a thought is expressed.

Division of moods:
1. indicative (actually taking place)
2. conditional (merely imaginary)

The Indefinite Mood is the only real mood in the English language. It represents an action as a real fact. The forms of the Ind. Mood are the tense-aspect forms of the verb.
There are 2 non-fact Moods in English: the Imperative Mood and the Subjunctive Mood.
2. Imperative Mood: expresses command, prohibition, entreaty, or advice:
Don’t smoke in this building.
Be careful!
Don’t drown that puppy!
3. Subjunctive Mood: expresses doubt or something contrary to fact.
May you live long and prosper.
If I were you, I wouldn’t keep driving on those tires.


Number of MOODS:
• Ilyish 3 MOODS (indicative, subjunctive, imperative)- meaning form;
• M.Deutschbein: 16 MOODS а functional approach;
• Prof. Smirnitsky (+ O.S.Akhmanova, M.Gashina, N.Vasilevskaya): 6 MOODS (indicative, imperative, subjunctive I, subjunctive II, suppositional, conditional) - form и meaning;
• L.S.Barhudarov, D.A. Shteling: 2 MOODS (indicative, subjunctive);
• G.N.Vorontsova: 4 MOODS (indicative, optative speculative, presumptive).